Lights, Camera and… Action! The Video Production Stage

Thorough work on pre-production, and we move to the next stage — production.

Everything that gets into the frame during the shooting is matter. By changing the angle, focusing or distance to the object, you can pay viewers' attention and message them necessary information. Authors often use the following techniques of frame construction:

There are several types of shots: cover, medium and close-up.

• Cover shot helps to introduce the viewer to the plot and to set context.
  
• Medium shot is universal and use to show to the viewer the direction of plot development.
  
• Close-up shot often use to dialog scenes.
  

Think about how the usage of different shot types can influence on viewers' perception of the story and to make the video more original.

Motion can do the video more energetic and attract attention to the change of theme or emotional episode. The deal not only is what object to direct the camera, but how to do it. For example, panoramming can be used for transition between scenes and focusing attention.

Camera motion is an effective method to draw attention. If you are filming a dynamic scene you can take the camera off the tripod and hold it in hands or place on the skateboard or cart.

Several recommendations in order to more professional filming:

• Do not limit yourself to one take. Shoot the scene as much as required in order to reach the best result. Of cause, you can change something during the editing but choosing fragments from several takes is better.
  
• Make the notes. Mark the beginning of each take in order to not to get confused. For example, you can say out loud the scene title, the take number or show the nameplate with this information in front of the lens. Mark the numbers of the best takes, it allows you to minimize editing time.
  
• Think it over in advance. You must take into account a lot of things before starting to film: charge batteries, clean memory cards. It will allow avoiding unnecessary breaks during shooting process.
  
• Back up your video right after shooting. Most authors save copies of materials in several places at once: on PC, HDD, etc. However you should remember that non-compressed files take a lot of space so you should pick up a device with a large amount of memory for copies.

Proper lighting is necessary not only for the viewer could see all details. It also conveys mood and feelings that you have put in the video. Think out:

• What a viewer should feel? The viewer's perception vary with the change of type, angle or intensity of light. Think about how the light will convey the mood you want to set.
  
• Where a viewer should look? Contrast light attracts the attention. For example, strong contrast will help highlight a person or an object in a background. You can also change the contrast during video editing.
  

Think about which mood you want to convey in your video and how the light can underline it.

A classical method of working with light is using a three-point lighting that includes following components:

1. General light – basic light, more often - side;
2. Fill light – stray light which makes shadows softer;
3. Background light – rear light which separates objects from background.

After setting of basic light parameters you can add several more elements to reach a desired effect. For example, some authors use softboxes which attach to the light source and provide diffuse lighting.

Simple lighting techniques

You can create an intrigue and fully change the impression of the scene even with using simple means. Try to use a stray light or reduce a lighting intensity.

Close the source by white paper or another dispersing material in order to get a stray light. It will make the image softer. Nonetheless do not get the material too close to a lamp: it can be dangerous!

Sun can become a great (and free) light source! Usually the best light is on sunrise or on sunset. Try not to film in the noon on clear day because the sun is too high above the horizon and can underline the drawbacks.

High-quality sound is a half of success!

In general, the good sound means clear dialogues recording on the enough volume level, which allows a viewer to understand what is the video about. In fact, you need to think about sounding in each scene during the video creation.

While choosing places for shooting you need to consider their acoustic features. For example, the noise from road and wind on the street can influence on the quality of record . Inspect the shooting place in order to avoid unpleasant surprises. If you are filming indoors, take away the electronic devices and other noisy objects.

Remember that as a rule viewers are more loyal to unlucky lighting and angle than to poor quality of sound.

If you are limited by budget and film on a smartphone, use free apps and inexpensive external microphones in order to improve the quality of sound. In certain situations it is better to use several microphones at once, especially if you need to get rid from interfering noises. Use the following recommendations in order to improve the sound recording conditions:

• If are filming indoors, attempt to cover walls by sound-isolation materials (blankets, foam) in order to make noise volume lower.
  
• Try not to film near fridges and conditioners. Also ask your actors and camera crew to shut off all electronic devices which can make extraneous sounds.
  
• Often during street filming you don't have an opportunity to avoid external sounds. In such situation it is important to use microphone with wind protection and configure it correctly:
  
  • Check the connection between microphone and camera. If the microphone works from a battery, make sure it is charged well;
    
  • Hold the microphone close to a sound source. Speak loud enough but not scream;
    
  • Ask someone to control the sound level during recording by using headphones. If you don't have helpers, listen to the record by yourself.
    

The main advice for the production stage is to do maximum work and forget the phrase: "We'll fix it on the post-production". More efforts you will spend for filming, the easier the editing will be. Good luck in your creative way!